Journal of Interreligious Studies on the Quran and the Bible

Journal of Interreligious Studies on the Quran and the Bible

Structural–Functional Comparison of the Doctrine of Humility in the Qur’an and the New Testament

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Fatemeh Hajiakbari 1
Mahmoud Vaezi 2
Hossein Heidari, 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Quran and Hadith Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Kosar University of Bojnord, Bojnord, IRAN.
2 Associate Professor, Quran and Hadith Studies, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Religions and Philosophy, Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, Kashan, IRAN.
10.22034/qb.2026.2084741.1068
Abstract
Humility holds a special status in the religious ethics of both Muslims and Christians, elevating it beyond a merely commendable virtue. The present study aims to comparatively examine the doctrine of humility in the Qur’an and the New Testament, systematically analyzing their similarities and differences within these two sacred texts. A comparative presentation of these models can contribute to interfaith dialogue by reinforcing a universal outlook on this ethical virtue. Qur’anic verses and New Testament passages are analyzed using a descriptive-analytical and comparative method. The findings indicate that humility in both traditions is a central virtue and a sign of faith, yet its theological foundations differ. In the Qur’an, humility is rooted in essential monotheism and absolute servitude to God, whereas the New Testament emphasizes emulating Christ’s humility and salvific grace. In terms of practical manifestations, the Qur’an presents a comprehensive and balanced framework by outlining a hierarchy of humility (before God, parents, believers, and even the ignorant) and linking it to social justice. In contrast, the New Testament focuses on humility within the church community and service as an expression of love. From an educational perspective, the Qur’an adopts a gradual and indirect approach, while the New Testament offers a positive model alongside direct exhortation. With a community-building, gradual, and monotheism-centered outlook, the Qur’an places humility in the service of constructing a just community. The New Testament, with a soteriological, individual-centered, and Christ-centered outlook, regards humility as a path toward union with Christ and the unity of the Church.
Keywords
Humility
Qur'an
New Testament
Comparative Ethics
Islam and Christianity
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